老年患者铜绿假单胞菌感染的临床分布与耐药性分析

Clinical distribution and drug resistance Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing infections in senile patients

目的调查医院老年患者349株铜绿假单胞菌(PAE)感染的临床分布与耐药性,为临床医师控制感染提供参考依据。方法 349株铜绿假单胞菌的分离分纯和菌类鉴定遵循卫生部编写的《全国临床检验操作规程》(第3版)进行,药敏试验采用WHO规定的K-B法进行试验和读取数据。结果 349株铜绿假单胞菌在呼吸道标本中分布最高,占60.7%;其耐药率<15.0%的药物有阿米卡星、美罗培南、亚胺培南、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、哌啦西林/他唑巴坦;耐药率>50.0%的抗菌药物有氨曲南、头孢噻肟、头孢吡肟、庆大霉素、环丙沙星。结论铜绿假单胞菌已表现出很高的抗药性,严重威胁老年患者的生命,医院应加强抗菌药物应用管理,提高临床医师抗菌药物处方水平,延缓细菌耐药性增长的不良趋势。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical data and antimicrobial resistance profile of 349 Pseudomonas aeruginosa （PAE） isolates causing infections in senile patients so as to provide reference for the clinical control of infections. METHODS Bacterial culture and identification were performed according to National Guide to Clinical Laboratory Procedures （3rd revised）. Drug susceptibility testing was performed with K-B methods specified by WHO. RESULTS The PAE strains were mainly isolated from respiratory tract specimens （60. 7%）. The antibiotics with resistance rate less than 15. 0% included amikacin, meropenem, imipenem, cefoperazone- sulbactam and piperacillin-tazobatam. While aztreonam, cefotaxime, cefepime, gentamincin and ciprofloxacin showed resistance rate more than 50.0%. CONCLUSION The high drug resistance of PAE threatened the lives of senile patients. The hospital should strengthen the management of antibiotics and raise the clinicians capability of prescribing the antibiotics to postpone the increasing tendency of bacterial resistance.