凯斯勒心理量表在大学生自杀风险评估中的价值

An evaluation study on the risk of suicide in university students based on scale of Kessler 10

目的了解大学生中自杀风险发生情况及相关社会人口学特征，探讨凯斯勒心理量表用于大学生自杀风险评估的价值。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法在四川某综合性高校中抽取1400名大学生，使用自制自杀风险量表、凯斯勒心理量表以及一般情况调查表进行心理调查，采用SPSS17．0软件进行统计分析。结果（1）在大学生群体中有21．7％的人“曾经有自杀意念”，5．3％的人“近期（最近一年）有自杀意念”；4．3％的人“曾经有自杀计划”，1．0％的人“近期（最近一年）有自杀计划”；1．4％的人“自杀未遂”。（2）“曾经有自杀意念”的大学生年龄偏小（B=-0．165，P=0．00）；不同级别心理健康状况大学生之间自杀意念发生率存在显著差异，且随着心理状况危险度分级增高，自杀意念发生率有上升趋势（x^2=60．248，P=0．00）。（3）多因素logistic回归分析揭示，年龄越小、凯斯勒心理量表得分危险度分级越高、抑郁维度、焦虑维度得分越高的大学生，“曾经及近期（最近一年）出现自杀意念”危险度增加（P〈0．05）。结论凯斯勒心理量表结合相关社会人口学特征，可用于较大规模大学生自杀风险评估。

Objective To explore the prevalence of suicidal ideation, suicidal plan,attempted suicide and related risk factors in university students and to apply the Kessler 10 scale to evaluate the risk of suicide. Methods 1400 university students were chosen by means of stratified and cluster sampling in a certain university in Sichuan, and they were screened by Kessler 10 scale, self-made basic bfformation and questionnaire to assess the risk of sui- cide. Results 21.7% of the respondents had thought of suicide once in their lives,5.3% had thought of suicide at least once during the last year. 4.3% had planned it once in their lives ：while 1.4% did it at least once in the last year. Age was found to be the main demographic risk factor in ideation of suicide. Students who were younger with higher score in Kessler 10 scale in combination of higher score of anxiety and depression scale tended to be more risky at suicide ideation. Conclusion The Kessler 10 scale can be used as screening measure in the study of suicidal risk in college students.