苦草与菖蒲对太湖梅梁湾沉积物磷释放抑制的研究

Effects of Vallisneria Spiralis and Acorus Calamus on Inhibition of Phosphorus Release from Meiliang Bay Sediments

实验模拟了沉水植物苦草与挺水植物菖蒲生长情况下太湖梅梁湾地区沉积物磷的释放过程,并分别探讨了在2种植物生长过程中上覆水总磷(TP)及其各赋存形态溶解性有机磷(DOP)、可溶性正磷酸盐(DIP)、颗粒态磷(PP)的浓度变化过程。试验结果表明:菖蒲与苦草生长过程中,2种植物均大大降低了水体磷浓度,减缓了沉积物磷的释放速率。菖蒲对沉积物总磷释放的抑制效果优于苦草,针对不同的赋存形态磷,2种水生植物的作用效果有差异。苦草优势在于提高了对DIP的吸收利用和对环境因子DO、pH的改变,而菖蒲的优势在于更有效地抑制PP与DOP的释放。

Effects of the growth of two kinds of aquatic plants such as Vallisneria spiralis and Acorus calamus on the sediment phosphorus release process in Meiliang Bay of Taihu Lake were simulated under indoor conditions, and the change of total phosphorus（TP）, dissolved organic phosphorus（DOP）, soluble orthophosphate（DIP） and particulate phosphorus（PP） of the overlying water during the growth period were analyzed. Results indicated that VaUisneria spiralis and Acorus calamus greatly reduced the concentrations of different phosphorus species in overlying water and slowed down the phosphorus release rate of sediment. Acorus calamus exceeded Vallisneria spiralis to the inhibitory effect of total phosphorus release of sediment, and different aquatic plants have specific relevance to different phosphorus species. Vallisneria spiralis has advantage to improve the absorption of DIP and change environmental factors DO and pH, while Acorus calamus has advantage to more effectively inhibit the release of PP and DOP.