渭南市大气环境容量计算及控制对策研究

Atmospheric Capacity Estimation and Control of Air Pollutants in Weinan City

以修正A值法估算渭南市大气环境容量,为渭南市大气总量控制提供科学依据。以箱模型为基本模型,利用陕西省气象台整编的1961-2008年气象资料,推导出宏观总量控制修正A值法,除韩城市、潼关县、浦城县、白水县和富平县A值大于国标A值,其余渭南各市县A值小于国标A值。在新空气质量标准标准的要求下,渭南市SO2、NOx、PM10环境容量分别为19.55×104t/a、10.50×104t/a和18.97×104t/a。为了保证各分区的环境质量,中架点源排放量与低源排放量之和应小于各分区容量,韩城市应注意改善中、低源NO x排放,其它区县NO x剩余容量有限,在严格的新空气质量标准的要求下,应加强对各区县中架点源与低架源的NO x控制,重点控制水泥行业、炼焦业和机动车的NO x排放。从整个城市考虑,从整个渭南市污染源排放来看,SO2总体排放量超过环境容量12.917×104t/a,NO x总体排放量超过环境容量8.016×104t/a,为了减少其对周边城市的影响,应提高火电厂脱硫效率,重点加快电厂脱硝设施建设。

The amending A-value method was used to estimate the atmospheric environmental capacity of Weinan, Shaanxi Province, which would provide a scientific basis for control of air pollutant emissions. Single-box model method was amended for calculating the value of A based on meteorological data of 1961-2008 of Shanxi Province. Results indicated that the A-value of Hancheng, Tongguan, Pucheng, Baishui and Fuping was greater than the A-value of national standard, while the rest of A-value was less than the national standard. Based on new air quality standard, the atmospheric environmental capacity of Weinan was SO219.55×10^4 t/a, NOx 10.50×10^4 t/a and PM10 18.97×10^4 t/a respectively. To ensure environment quality of the partitions well, the emissions sourced from both frame point source and low point source should be less than environmental purification capacity of the partitions. Both the frame point source and low point source of NOx in Weinan should arouse attentions, with cement industry, coking and motor vehicle emissions as the focus. With the aspect of emission of pollutant sources, total amount of emission of SO2 and NOx have exceeded environmental capacity quantities, which were 12.917 ×10^4 t/a and 8.016×10^4 t/a more than the limitation respectively. To reduce the impact on surrounding cities, the desulfurization and denitration of power plant should be accelerated