政府干预、经济集聚与能源效率

The Government Intervention,the Economic Agglomeration and the Energy Efficiency

本文在政府干预背景下经验分析企业、产业和区域3个层面经济集聚对能源效率的影响与作用机制。实证结果显示,市场机制主导的企业集聚能够显著提高能源效率,由于政府干预和环境治理的"搭便车"倾向导致产业集聚无法对能源效率产生预期效果,能源效率与表征区域聚集的城市密度呈U型变动特征。此外,相机抉择使得政府节能减排战略对改善能源效率未能发挥应有效果。控制政府干预的核心因素金融发展变量后发现,金融发展规模扩张、地方政府干预增强导致的资源配置扭曲以及中央政府信贷干预的道德风险,均会抑制产业集聚对能源效率的改进,金融发展效率提高则有助于产业集聚提升能源效率。然而由于存在环境质量治理的市场失灵,借助市场力量和政府适度干预更有利于节能减排目标的实现。

We have,in this paper,analyzed,by means of experiences under the background of the government intervention(GI),the impact of the economic agglomeration in the firm level,the industry level and the region level on the energy efficiency and analyzed the functional mechanism. The results of our case study show that the market-oriented firms agglomeration can significantly improve energy efficiency,and that,because the government intervention(GI) and the 'free-rider'tendency of the environmental governance has led to the fact that the industrial agglomeration(IA) has not produced expected effect on the energy efficiency,there has been the change characteristic of a U-shape relation between the urban population density and energy efficiency. Furthermore,the discretion of policy has not made the government strategy of energy-saving and emission-abating play their function they should. After the control of the variables of the financial development which are the key factors of the GI,we have found that the scale expansion of the financial development,the distortion of the resource allocation made by the enforcement of the intervention of the local government,and the moral hazard of the credit intervention of the central government,all can restrain the improvement, made by the IA,of the energy efficiency. The increase of the efficiency of the financial growth can help the IA in improving the energy efficiency. However,because of the market failure in the management of the environment quality, the help of the market force and the moderate government intervention is more conducive to reaching the targets of energy-saving and emission-abating.