外热式坩埚盐浴炉的设计与改进

The Improvement and Design of External Heated Crucible Salt Bath Furnace

目的研究与改进外热式坩埚电阻盐浴炉,提高热效率.方法根据要求完成了炉膛结构的设计,电热元件的选用及其分布,高温电阻炉耐火材料和坩埚材料的选用.通过对实验结果的分析完成对电阻炉的设计的改进.结果改进后的外热式坩埚盐浴炉,控温精度高,在±7℃以内;从室温升温到预定温度950℃需要148 min,且升温过程平稳;炉壳温度仅为50℃,保温效果好.结论通过优化改进后的外热式坩埚盐浴炉与传统电阻炉相比,在加热效率上有所提高,坩埚受热也更均匀,保温蓄热也得到明显改善,更能够满足TD渗钒工艺要求,对尺寸较小的工件进行TD盐浴处理效果较好;改进后的外热式坩埚盐浴炉在性能、操作方便性、热效率及使用寿命等方面均得到显著改善.

This paper studies and improves the external heated crucible resistance salt-bath furnace with the purpose of raising the thermal efficiency on the premise of meeting the technological requirements of TD salt-bath vanadizing. According to the requirements, the author accomplished the design of furnace chamber, the selection and distribution style of electric heating elements, the selection of crucibles material and refrac- tory material of high temperature resistance furnace. The improvements are based on the analysis of experi- mental results. The improved resistance furnace has better temperature control precision of ~ 7 ~C ; steady temperature climbing process from room temperature to predetermined temperature of 950 ~C in 148rain ;bet- ter thermal insulation and heat preservation with temperature of the furnace shell with only 50℃. The im- proved resistance furnace has higher heating efficiency than traditional resistance furnace, the heat preserva- tion effect also has been improved obviously and crucible can be heated more evenly. It can meet technologi- cal requirements of TD salt-bath vanadizing preferably, especially for the smaller workpiece. The improved furnace has prominent improvements in performance, operation convenience, thermal efficiency and service life.