北京市居民居住行为对职住分离的影响

Impact of housing behavior on the separation of workplace and residence in Beijing

基于2010年北京市居民职住分离的问卷调查数据,以通勤时间作为职住分离的主要衡量指标,采用实证分析方法对北京市居民的居住行为进行了深层挖掘,并重点关注居住地区、居住条件、住房产权性质、迁居行为四方面居住行为对职住分离程度的影响,以期反映北京城市居民不同居住行为所能承受的职住分离程度的差异性。研究得出以下结论:第一,居住空间位置是造成居民通勤时间差异的重要因素,反映出单中心城市空间结构对职住分离具有加剧效应;第二,住房成本和通勤成本存在一定程度上的替代关系,表现为住房面积较大的群体所能承受的职住分离程度略大;第三,从住房产权性质来看,单位房和租借房群体所能承受的职住分离显著较小;第四,居民迁居与否对通勤时间的影响并不显著;随着迁居次数的增多,居民通勤时间呈"V"型变化。此外,迁居原因的不同导致居民通勤时间亦存在较大差异。

Based on a survey data of the separation of workplace and residence, which is mainly measured by commu- ting time in Beijing in 2010, this essay captures the housing be- havior of Beijing residents by empirical analysis. This essay fo- cuses on the residential areas, living space, housing tenures and emigrant behavior in order to reflect the differences of the sepa- ration of workplace and residence according to different housing behaviors. The results show that： firstly, the average commuting time of residents is increasing with the increasing of the distancebetween city center and residential areas; Secondly, the average commuting time shows a positive correlation with living space; Thirdly, housing tenures also have influence on the commuting time, and the average commuting time of tenures of Danwei and rental housing is shorter than the other types; Fourthly, whether residents moves or not has no obvious influence on the commu- ting time; with the frequency of migration increases, the average commuting time changes in V - type. Moreover, different migra- tion reasons lead to the differences in the commuting time of res- idents.