河池市2008～2012年手足口病流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Hechi City from 2008 to 2012

目的了解广西河池市2008～2012年手足口病流行特征,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对河池市2008～2012年手足口病疫情监测资料进行分析。结果 2008～2012年河池市共报告手足口病30 701例,年均发病率为165.16/10万;重症病例年均发病率为1.43/10万,其病死率为10.94%。各县(市、区)病例报告超过1 000例,3～7月为发病高峰期(占71.45%)。农村散居儿童是手足口病高危人群,≤5岁的病例最多(占95.66%),男性发病高于女性(P<0.01)。重症病例、普通病例标本EV71型病毒核酸检测阳性率分别为93.81%、29.62%,重症病例发生率与EV71型病毒核酸阳性率呈正比例关系。结论目前河池市手足口病疫情形势仍严峻,特别要加强农村地区手足口病的防控。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD and provide scientific evidence for HFMD control and prevention. Methods The monitoring data of HFMD epidemic from 2008 to 2012 in Hechi City were ana- lyzed by usign descriptive epidemiology. Results A total of 30 701 HFMD cases were reported from 2008 to 2012 and the av- erage annual incidence rate was 165.16/100 000. The average annual incidence rate of severe cases of HFMD was 1.43/100 000 and the fatality rate of severe cases was 10.94%. More than 1 000 HFMD cases were reported from each counties （City, dis- trict）. The peak incidence of HFMD occurred from March to July （71.45% cases）. The scattered children of rural areas was high-risk groups of HFMD. Most of the HFMD cases were aged ≤5 yearst （95.66%） and the incidence of males was higher than females （P 〈0.01）. The average detection rates of EV71 virus from the specimens of severe HFMD cases and mild cases separately were 93.81% and 29.62%, showing a directly proportional relationship between the detection rate of EV71 virus and the incidence of severe disease. Conclusion The epidemic situation of HFMD is currently still serious in Hechi City and the control of HFMD in rural areas be especially strengthened..