人员疏散时出口及路线选择方式的研究——兼谈消防安全管理

A Study on the Options of Evacuation Exit and Route——Talking about the Security Management of Fire Prevention

通过问卷调查的方式,对某大型城市综合体建筑中的人员进行调查,主要调查了人员的基本情况、疏散时出口和路线选择的情况。在分析人员的疏散行为时,将出口和路线的选择分开来考虑。在此基础上,结合不同人群自身特点,对不同人群疏散时出口及路线选择的倾向进行了分析,得到不同人群在疏散时,出口及路线选择过程中存在的规律。通过对这些规律的总结和分析,能够在今后利用疏散软件对人员疏散进行数值模拟时,为人员参数设定提供一定的参考,确保疏散模拟能更好地反应真实情况。并且通过对这些规律的研究,为消防安全管理工作的进一步落实提出一些建议。

A questionnaire survey was conducted for mainly investigating the basic information of the people in a large city complex building as well as their options of evacuation exit and route, and the author respectively examined the exit options and route options in an analysis of people＇s evacuation behaviors. Based on the results of the survev, the trend of selecting evacuation exits and routes was analyzed by combining with people＇s personal characteristics, and the I~_tles were found that differelat groups of people had diverse options. By summarizing and analyzing these rules, we may provide reference for the setting of personnel parameters when applying the evacuation software to the numerical simulation of human evacuation and guarantee that the evacuation simulation could reflect the reality. Moreover, studying these rules will offer suggestions fi^r the security management of fire prevention.