虚指宾语的句法地位

The Syntactic Status of the Dummy Object

尽管一般认为人称代词可以充当虚指宾语,但其宾语地位是值得怀疑的,因为一般宾语并不排斥动态助词,也并不强制要求跟数量成分共现。其实,这种人称代词是限定范畴D,跟指示代词一样需要扩展数量成分,即与数量成分共现;它会强制性地跟动词融合,表现出粘着性,使得动词排斥动态助词与补语助词"得",也使得它不能出现于双宾句中的受事位置,因为该位置难以跟动词融合。

The personal pronoun can be acted as a dummy object, but the object status is doubtable,for a normal object neither rejects aspect particles nor requires to co-occur with a number phrase. The pronoun is a determiner extending a number phrase as a demonstra- tive pronoun, so it must co-occur with a number phase. The pronoun shows affixal and must incorporate into the matrix verb,so the other phonological functional categories cannot affix to the verb. The pronoun cannot occur with a theme in the double object construc- tions,for it cannot incorporate into the verb.