从表达功能看“了”的隐现动因

An Analysis on “Le” from the Perspective of Expressional Functions

本文主要从表达功能出发,探讨汉语"了"的隐现问题。通过对汉语已然句子的分析和考察,我们认为汉语可以根据功能的不同来确定是否使用句末"了",当说话人旨在报告事件的发生时句末需要用"了"。但是同样是已然的事件,当说话人对其进行说明或者对动作行为进行描摹时,句末则不需要用"了"。

This paper discusses when sentence-final ＂/e＂ appears in Chinese sentences. We focus on the perspective of expressional functions. After investigating and examining the realis sentences in Chinese,we come .to the conclusion that functional need is one of the key factors for deciding whether sentence-final ＂le＂ is to be used or not. When the speaker wants to report the occurrence of a realis event,＂le＂ has to be used. In con- trast,le is not needed if what the speaker wants to do is to explain the event or to de- scribe the manner how actions take place in the event.