生态需水研究进展及估算方法评述

Review of Evaluation Methods and Research Advance on Ecological Water Requirement

生态需水研究是实现水资源优化配置、维持流域生态环境健康发展的前提和基础。在当前生态需水研究中,估算方法众多,选用的监测指标提供的整体信息容易发生重叠,不易得出生态需水变化规律。为此,在回顾国内外生态需水研究进展的基础上,对生态需水量估算方法的优缺点、适用条件等方面进行了系统评价,以便在实际应用中根据研究目的选用不同方法。同时,指出当前研究中存在诸如术语混乱、概念不清、定量研究突破少等若干问题,今后应从加强收集监测资料、建立生态学模型、建立一套完善的生态需水概念体系,以及加强多学科合作交流等方面提出未来研究方向。

The study of ecological water requirement is the premise and foundation of achieving water resources optimal allocation and main- taining ecological environment healthy development. In the current study on ecological water requirement, there are many estimation meth- ods, of which the overall information from monitoring indicators is inclined to overlap, not easy to draw the change laws of ecological water re- quirement. Therefore, on the basis of reviewing the research advances in ecological water requiremen at home and abroad, the paper system- atically evaluated the advantages and disadvantages and the adaptability of the estimation methods, so as to chose different methods according to research purposes in practice. Meanwhile, it pointed out some problems in current research. At last, the future research directions were put forward such as strengthening the collection of monitoring data, building ecological model, establishing a set of perfect concept system about ecological water requirement, strengthening cooperation and exchange of muhidisciplinary, etc.