中老年人运动后收缩压恢复延迟与心血管危险因素关系的研究

Relationship between delayed post- exercise systolic blood pressure recovery and cardiovascular risk factors in elderly

目的:探讨中老年人运动后收缩压恢复(PSBPR)延迟与心血管危险因素的关系。方法:175名中老年人自愿参加本研究,所有受试者均进行一次递增负荷功率车实验,分别测定运动前安静时、运动中以及运动后恢复期的收缩压,以运动后第3 min的收缩压与运动后第1min收缩压的比值超过1.0作为PSBPR延迟的指标,将受试者分为PSBPR正常组和PSBPR延迟组,比较两组心血管危险因素异常及危险因素聚集检出率的差异并对PSBPR延迟与心血管危险因素进行相关分析。结果:肥胖、高血压、血脂异常、吸烟、缺乏体力活动等心血管危险因素异常以及危险因素聚集检出率在PSBPR延迟组明显高于PSBPR正常组,且PSBPR延迟组超过半数的人发生心血管危险因素聚集。相关分析显示,肥胖、年龄、缺乏体力活动、心血管危险因素聚集、吸烟、高血压和血脂异常是PSBPR延迟的主要影响因素;在调整性别、年龄、心血管疾病家族史等不可改变因素后,PSBPR延迟与缺乏体力活动、心血管危险因素聚集、肥胖、吸烟和糖尿病显著相关。结论:PSBPR延迟可能是中老年人可调控的心血管危险因素。

Objective： To investigate the relationship between the post -exercise systolic blood pres- sure recovery （PSBPR） and cardiovascular risk factors in elderly. Methods： 175 elder volunteers conducted an incremental cycle ergometer exercise test, then collect their systolic blood pressure （SBP） before, during and after the exercise. Delayed PSBPR was defined as the ratio of the third minute PSBPR to the first minute PSBPR 〉 1.0, then the subjects were divided into normal PSBPR group and delayed PSBPR group. The difference of incidence of cardiovascular risk factors and the rate of cardiovascular risk factors clustering between the two groups were compared, and the correla- tion of delayed PSBPR and cardiovascular risk factors were evaluated. Results ： Incidence of obesity, the factors like hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, lack of physical activity which link to cardiovascular disease and the relevance ratio of cardiovascular risk factors clustering were higher in de- layed PSBPR group than normal PSBPR group. More than 50% subjects of delayed PSBPR group had cardiovascular risk factors clustering. Correlation analysis showed that obesity, age, smoking, hypertension,dyslipidemia,lack of physical activity, and cardiovascular risk factors clustering were influential factors of delayed PSBPR; after adjusted immutable factors of gender, age and cardiovascular disease family history, delayed PSBPR is significantly related to obesity, smoking, diabetes, lack of physi- cal activity, and cardiovascular risk factors clustering. Conclusion： Delayed PSBPR could be the modifiable cardiovascular risk factor for elderly.