渤海海冰特征厚度分析

Discussion on sea ice diagnostic thickness for the Bohai Sea

通过海冰生消机理和数值试验，讨论了渤海海冰特征厚度的存在条件；对不同厚度的海冰表面温度、冰面热量收支、冰面下热传导和太阳辐射透射量进行了对比分析，分析了渤海海冰向特征冰厚的动态演化过程；在不同气温、风速、相对湿度和海洋热通量等气象和水文条件下，对渤海特征冰厚进行了计算；讨论了海冰生消的动态平衡过程，分析了１９９７／１９９８年冬季辽东湾ＪＺ２０—２海域实测冰厚与特征冰厚的相互关系．对渤海特征冰厚分析将有助于渤海海冰数值模拟工作的开展和对不同重现期设计冰厚的推算。

In the sea ice numerical simulation of the Bohai Sea, under the same meteorological and oceanographic conditions, the ice thickness always trends to a certain value, which can be called diagnostic thickness, although the initial thickness is different. Through the analysis of ice growth mechanism, the existence of diagnostic thickness is discussed. The ice temperature and the heat flux at ice-cover surface, the transmitted solar radiation and the heat flux at ice-cover bottom under different ice thicknesses are contrasted. The dynamic process and the approach time when the sea ice approaches the diagnostic thickness are discussed. Under different air temperatures, wind speeds, relative humidities and oceanic heat fluxes, the diagnostic thicknesses are calculated respectively. The relationship between the actual ice thickness and the diagnostic thickness in the winter of 1997/1998 of the Liaodong Gulf are analyzed. The study of the sea ice diagnostic thickness will be useful to the sea ice numerical simulation and the determination of the sea ice design parameters in the Bohiai Sea.