中医药治疗儿童咳嗽变异型哮喘用药规律探析

Regularities of Chinese Herbs in Treating Childhood Cough Variant Asthma

目的:通过对中医药治疗儿童咳嗽变异型哮喘(CVA)文献分析,总结其药物应用规律。方法:检索CNKI数据库文献,分析治疗儿童咳嗽变异型哮喘药物的功效、性味、归经特点。结果:共选取208篇文献,用药共计195味,总频次3 040次;药物功效以化痰止咳平喘、解表、补虚、清热为主,占总体用药的75.95%;药味以苦、甘、辛为主,累计频率达86.42%;药性以寒、温、平为主,累计频率达90.72%;药物归经以肺、肝、胃、脾、肾经为主,累计频率达78.04%。结论:儿童咳嗽变异型哮喘以肺气失宣、感受外邪为主,治疗以化痰止咳、解表、补虚、清热为主。

Objective： To analyze the literature on Chinese herbs in the treatment of childhood cough variant asthma （CVA） in an attempt to sum up the regularities of herbal application. Methods： CNKI was retrieved to find out the actions, nature and flavor, and meridian tropism of Chinese herbs for CVA. Results： Total 208 articles were selected and 195 herbs were involved for total frequency of 3 040. The commonly-used herbs were phlegm-resolving and cough-relieving herbs, exterior-relieving herbs, deficiency-tonifying herbs, and heat-clearing herbs, amounting to 75.95% ; the herbal flavors were primarily of bitterness, sweetness and pungency, reaching 86. 42%; while the herbal natures were mainly of coldness, warmness and mildness, reaching 90.72% ; herbal meridian tropisms were of lungs, liver, stomach, spleen and kidney meridians, amounting to 78.04%. Conclusion： CVA is pathologically caused by lung failure to disperse and exogenous factors, and therapeutically by resolving phlegm and relieving cough, relieving exterior, tonifying deficiency and clearing heat.