吸风循环式轨道吸污装置的吸污能力及能耗研究

Research on the Waste Suction Capacity and Energy Consumption of Suction Airflow Circulating Waste Suction Apparatus for Railway Track

针对轨道吸污装置吸污能力不足和污染周边环境的问题,提出吸风循环吸污的解决方案,即将吹风机产生的全部风量仅供给一侧吹嘴吹风吸污,将吸风机产生的排风供给另外一侧吹嘴吹风吸污,形成吸风机排风的循环利用,并通过调节风门开启的大小,调节吹风的风量和风速,从而增强轨道吸污装置吹风吸污的效果。基于流体力学,在忽略空气黏性力和密度变化以及不同流速气体混合时能量损失的前提下,对按照解决方案改进得到的吸风循环式轨道吸污装置吸污能力及能耗进行分析计算。结果表明:在作业速度为10km·h-1时,吸风循环式轨道吸污装置能够吸净单层粒径分别达5mm的铁屑和14.3mm的石子;相比改进前的轨道吸污装置,吸收污物的最大粒径提高了7倍左右,污物吸净率高于98%;吸污作业功率节省74kW,能耗下降20%。

Because of lacking the enough waste suction ability of track waste suction apparatus and pollu- ting surroundings, suction airflow circulating solution has been brought forward. All airflow of blowing fan provides unilateral blowing orifice for blowing waste. The discharging airflow of suction fan provides another unilateral blowing orifice for blowing waste. The waste suction ability has greatly strengthened when the flux and airflow velocity of suction airflow circulating as blowing air is adjusting by make a change in the airflow orifice. According to hydrodynamics principle, we hypothesized that the viscous force and the variation of density of airflow could be negligible and different velocity airflow mixing had no ener- gy loss. The waste suction capacity and energy consumption characteristics of the waste suction apparatus had been researched. Results show that when the moving velocity of the waste suction apparatus is 10 km ~ h-1 , it can absorb neatly the monolayer stones and the iron filings with the particle diameters of 14. 3 and 5 mm respectively. Compared with the old track waste suction apparatus, the maximum particle diam- eter of suction particles is improved by about 7 times and the absorption rate is more than 98%. The power of its operation saves 74 kW and the energy consumption decreases 20%.