不同梨品种花粉量及花粉萌发率差异研究

Cluster analysis for the quantity and germinating characteristics of the pollens from different pear cultivars

在离体条件下对142个梨品种(系)的花粉量及花粉萌发率进行测定比较,研究花粉量和花粉萌发率在梨品种间的差异及其与授粉的关系。结果表明:梨花粉量和花粉萌发率因品种不同差异明显,单个花药花粉量变幅为0～8 940粒,花粉萌发率变幅为0～93.71%,其中‘威宁黄酸梨’的花粉量最多,‘麻壳’的花粉萌发率最高,而‘爱宕’和‘大理冬梨’的花粉量及花粉萌发率均为0。梨花粉量和花粉萌发率的分布规律在品种间不符合正态分布。对花粉量及花粉萌发率进行聚类分析,供试品种可明显区分为七大类群,其中第Ⅰ、Ⅱ类共33个品种(系)具有较多的花粉量及高的萌发率,在生产上可以满足梨树授粉需要,其余品种不宜作授粉树。

Variation analysis for the quantity and germination characteristics of pollens, and their relationship with pollination was carried out on 142 pear genotypes. The resuhs showed that ： significant variations on the quantity of the total pollens and germination rate were observed among the different genotypes, which were estimated to be 0-8 940 grains per anther and 0-93.71% respectively. In which＇ Weininghuangsuanli＇ showed the highest pollen quantity, and＇ Make＇ showed the highest germination rate, while the pollen quantity and the germination rate of＇ Atago＇ and＇ Dalidongli＇ were 0. The model of these data did not correspond with Gaussian distribution. Further investigation on the pollination value of different pears was performed based on cluster analysis on the above data. They can be clearly divided into seven groups, in which the 33 cuhivars of the first and second groups have high pollen quantity and germination rate, they can meet the needs of pear pollination, and other cultivars were not suitable for pollination tree.