人民主权是一种法权结构与公民行动

Popular Sovereignty as a Kind of Right Structure and Civil Action

革命意味着人民的出场,而立宪则意味着人民的隐退,由此决定建国这一历程是人民主权这一动力机制与宪政这一秩序机制的奇妙结合。美国独立战争和法国大革命展现出并进一步强化了两种不同的革命、立宪与建国传统,从而揭示出两种传统背后隐含的人民主权的不同观念结构,具体表现在人民的实体说和拟制说、人民主权的公意基础和同意基础以及"一切权力属于人民"和"一切权力来源于人民"这三组对比关系中。两种不同的人民主权的历史传统和观念结构,展现出完全不同的政法蕴涵,并最终表明人民主权本质上是一种法权结构与公民行动。

Revolution means that people are on the scene, and constitutionalism means that people have retired, so the process of founding a state is a wonderful combination of the dynamic mechanism of popular sovereignty and the order mechanism of constitutionalism. American war of independence and the French revolution have shown and further strengthened the two different traditions of revolution, constitutionlism and the founding of a state, and furthur revealed two diferrent conceptual structures of pupolar sovereignty hidden behind the two different traditions, which specifically manifested in the three comparisons： physical concept of people vs. fictitious concept of people, public will vs. consent, and ＂all powers belong to people＂ vs. ＂all powers from people＂. Two different historical traditions and conceptual structures of popular sovereignty have shown completely different implications of political science and law, and finally suggested that popular sovereignty is essentially a kind of right structure and civic action.