英国文化外交评析

The Review of Cultural Diplomacy in the United Kingdom

英国文化外交经历了从民间活动为主到半官方机构推进、从自由松散到因地制宜、从传统模式转向全方位外交的发展过程。考察英国文化外交的演进历程,其呈现出多元主体"各司其职"、兼顾文化影响与经济收益、依靠英联邦历史和语言优势、原则性与灵活性相结合等特点。英国的文化外交不仅扩大了国家的对外影响力,还获得了巨大的经济收益。然而,英国的文化外交因带有浓重的政府色彩而发展受阻,不可避免地与其他国家的文化外交活动产生竞争,还由于效用难以评估而不易获得民众的持久支持。

Cultural diplomacy in the United Kingdom has experienced the process from focusing on folk activities to being pi^moted by semi -official institutions, from uncontrolled and loose behaviors to taking actions that suit local conditions, and from traditional pattern to multi - faceted diplomacy. Investigating the evolution path of cultural diplomacy in the Unit- ed Kingdom, it demonstrates the characteristics of diversified actors performing their own functions, taking account of cul- tural influence and economic benefits, relying on historical and language advantage, combining principle with flexibility to- gether. Cultural diplomacy in the United Kingdom not only expands national foreign influence, but also achieves great eco- nomic profits. However, the development of cultural diplomacy in the United Kingdom is obstructed due to being with the deep governmental imprint, cultural diplomacy in the United Kingdom inevitably competes with that in other countries, and is not readily to obtain sustainable support by common people since the effectiveness of cultural diplomacy is difficult to evaluate.