从人的本质是“一切社会关系的总和”说起

On the Essence of Man is “the Sum of All Social Relations”

人的本质是"一切社会关系的总和"这个论断,只是提供了如何认识人的本质的方法,而不是对人的本质下定义;只是说明人的个性是如何形成的这一问题,而并不回答人的本质是什么的问题。"人的本质"其实指的是人的能力,它是在实践活动中不断丰富和完善的,单个人能力的发展程度取决于与之交往的一切人的能力发展程度,又以前代人在这方面所达到的水平为基础。把自由自觉的活动视为人的"类本质",这与把人的现实本质视为"一切社会关系的总和"并不矛盾,这里所强调的是实践对人的能力形成所具有的本体论意义,而不是否定自由自觉的活动是人的本质。

The statement of nature of man is ＂the sum of all social relations＂, which provides a method of how to understand human nature, not to difine to the human nature, only illustrates how to form the problem of the human personality, but does not answer the problem of the essence of man. In fact ＂Hu- man nature＂ refers to the ability of people, it is in practice to constantly enrich and perfect, and the indi- vidual ability development depends on what all people interact with capacity development degree, which is based on previous generation^s achievement level. The viewpoints, between that free and conscious activi-ties is ＂the essence of people＂ and that the nature of people＇s reality is ＂the sum of all social relations＂, are not a contradiction, The emphasis is that practical ability has the formation to the ontological significance, rather than deny that the free and conscious activity is the essence of man.