解析俄罗斯开发与对外经济银行的建立与实践

俄罗斯开发与对外经济银行(外经银行或开发银行)是俄第一家真正意义上的开发性金融机构,是俄政府管理和发展经济的政策性金融工具。该银行依托国家政策、法律和信用支持,治理有效,业务多元,功能齐备。近年来,该行在克服金融危机影响、发展基础设施和创新产业、支持中小企业和出口、引进外资等方面,发挥了独特和重要的作用,成为整合俄罗斯各类发展机制、连接政府和私营部门的桥梁和纽带。其发展方向,体现了俄罗斯近期和未来的经济发展重点和方向。研究俄罗斯开发银行的运作特点和发展路径,对于促进我国政策性金融改革的深化有较强的借鉴意义;加强与俄开发银行的全方位合作,对于中俄金融合作有重要的引领和带动作用。

The Bank for Development and Foreign Economic Affairs （also called Vnesheconombank, Development Bank） is, in a real sense, the first Russian financial institutition of development. It is also a policy-related financial instrument for Russian government to manage and develop its economy. Supported by national policy, legislation and sovereign credit, it has witnessed effective corporate governance, diversified businesses and multiple functions. In recent years, it has played a unique and important role in overcoming negative influences of the global financial crisis, developing infrastructure and innovative products, supporting SMEs, state export and introducing foreign capitals. Accordingly, it has become a bridge among different development mechanisms and a link between government and private sectors. As a result, its direction represents development focuses and even direction of Russian national economy in a short and medium term. A study on Development Bank＇s operating characteristics and development paths will help to further understand ways in pushing forward China＇s national policy-related financial reform and strengthening all-round cooperation with Development Bank, which will greatly contribute to leading and promoting Sino-Russian financial cooperation.