兔骨内植入同种骨钉及聚酯棒的组织学对比观察

Histological examination of allogeneic bone nail after implantation in rabbit tibia and comparison with polylactide implant

目的 观察兔同种骨钉植入骨内后的组织学变化 ,为同种骨钉在内固定中的应用提供组织学依据并与聚酯棒作初步的比较。 方法 实验动物选用成年新西兰兔 2 6只 ,其中 2只作为供体 ,取供体股骨中段皮质骨制成深冻 冻干辐照骨钉 ,受体兔胫骨上端钻孔后植入骨钉或聚酯棒 ,分别于术后 2 ,4,12 ,16和 2 4周处死动物 ,进行组织学观察。 结果 骨钉植入 4周可见骨钉周边基质出现吸收腔 ,腔壁表面覆有薄层新骨 ,中央结构无明显变化 ,随后骨钉逐渐被新骨爬行替代 ,至 2 4周已完全成为宿主骨 ;观察期内聚酯棒被纤维组织包裹 ,内部出现裂隙 ,无新骨长入。

Objective To explore the histological characteristics of the allogeneic bone nail substituted by host bone and the difference between the bone nail and the absorbable polylactide implant (PLI)in rabbit tibia. Methods The allogeneic bone nail was processed with deep freezing, freeze drying and irradiation sterilization. A hole was drilled on the proximal tibia of the rabbit with electric drill and the bone nail or PLI was inserted. The animals were killed at 2,4,12,16 and 24 weeks after operation and received X ray, macroscopic and scanning electron microscopic examinations. Results There was nearly no change in the shape and the construction of the rabbit allogeneic bone nail 2 weeks after surgery. At the same time, the bone nail was surrounded by callus from the host bone nearby. At 4 weeks, there were absorbed cavities around the edge of the bone nail and new bone formed on the wall of the cavity. Twenty four weeks after surgery, all implanteddead bone was substituted by new host bone. PLI was surrounded by fibrous tissue without new bone formation during examination. Conclusions Allogeneic bone nail treated with freeze drying and irradiation is an excellent material for internal fixation of cancellous fracture.