几种农林废弃物复合基质的理化特性及对浙江楠容器育苗的效果

Physical and chemical properties of several kinds of agriculture and forestry waste composite matrix and their effect on container seedling of Phoebe chekiangensis

将农林废弃物(枯枝落叶、药渣、锯末、山核桃Carya cathayensis果壳、玉米Zea mays秸秆)分别与珍珠岩以及蛭石按比例混合成10种混配基质,以浙江楠Phoebechekiangensis常用容器苗基质(泥炭、蛭石、珍珠岩的比例为3∶1∶1)为对照,分析了不同混配基质的理化性质,从中初步确定了处理2,处理3,处理4,处理5和处理7为较优混配基质,探讨了筛选出的5种混配基质及对照对浙江楠3年生大苗生长和生理特性的影响。结果表明:处理3的农林废弃物混配基质(枯枝落叶、玉米秸秆、蛭石、珍珠岩的比例为3∶3∶2∶2)栽培的3年生浙江楠的苗高、地径、分枝数、地上鲜干质量、地下鲜干质量、可溶性糖质量分数及可溶性蛋白质量分数均高于对照,高径比、根冠比、根系活力及叶绿素质量分数虽略小于对照但与对照不存在显著差异,说明处理3的农林废弃物混配基质可以替代以泥炭为主的对照基质栽培浙江楠,处理3的基质价格为89.00元·m-3,明显低于对照为236元·m-3的基质价格,对实现浙江楠容器苗工厂化生产意义重大。

Litter,drug waste,sawdust,pecan shells,and corn straw were mixed with perlite and vermiculite to form 10 mixed matrixes of different proportions.The physical and chemical properties of the different mixed matrixes were analyzed by comparison with the commonly used container seedling matrix（peat∶vermiculite∶perlite =3∶1∶1,the control）.Results showed treatments 2,3,4,5 and 7 are more optimal.The more optimal matrix mixes were then used to determine growth indexes and physiological characteristics of three-year old Phoebe chekiangensis seedlings.Results showed height,basal diameter,branch number,shoot fresh and dry weights,root fresh and dry weights,soluble sugar content,and soluble protein content of seedlings of the treatment 3 （litter ∶ corn ∶ straw ∶ vermiculite ∶ perlite=3 ∶ 3 ∶ 2 ∶ 2） were better than the control matrix.The height-diameter ratio,root-shoot ratio,root activity,and chlorophyll content of the treatment 3 were not significantly different from the control matrix （P＞0.05）.Price of trearment 3 is 89 yuan·m-3 which could save about 150.00 yuan· m-3 by comparison with the control.Thus,the control matrix with peat primarily can be replaced by the treatment 3 on planting in Ph.chekiangensis.It is of great significance to realize factory production of the Ph.chekiangensis container seedling.