肥料对5年生毛竹竹材物理力学性质的影响

Effects of fertilizer on physical and mechanical properties of 5 years old Phyllostachys edulis

为了解肥料对毛竹Phyllostachys edulis竹材物理力学性质的影响,选择施用尿素、黄腐酸钾型豆粕有机肥及不施肥的5年生毛竹进行竹材密度、顺纹抗剪强度、顺纹抗压强度、抗弯强度、抗弯弹性模量和顺纹抗拉强度测定。结果表明:施肥与不施肥毛竹相比较,其材性弦向抗弯弹性模量基部显著增大(P<0.05),中部和顶部则差异不显著(P>0.05);顺纹抗剪强度除基部外;其余部分均差异显著(P<0.01),施化肥与有机肥比较,尿素的差异变化率达±8.0%以上,最大的-17.1%,而黄腐酸钾型豆粕有机肥为±4.9%以下,最小的-0.85%,化肥比有机肥的增加了1倍。这说明施化肥的毛竹材性的变化较大,不施肥的材性变化较小,施用尿素的达到极显著(P<0.01),施黄腐酸钾型豆粕有机肥的虽有影响,但不显著(P>0.05)。

To determine the effects of fertilizer on physical and mechanical properties of Phyllostachys edulis （moso bamboo）,a test of longitudinal shear strength,compressive strength,flexural strength,flexural modulus,and longitudinal tensile strength on three different bamboo stems was conducted by applying urea,branch-chain saturated fatty acids（BSFA）soybean meal organic fertilizer,and no fertilizer.Results showed that compared to bamboo without fertilization,the flexural modulus was significantly different （P＜0.05）for the base of fertilized bamboo,but not significant for the middle and top of the stand; longitudinal shear strength was not significant for the base,but highly significant（P＜0.01）for the middle and top.Comparing organic manure and chemical fertilizers,differences in rate of application for urea reached ±8％ with a maximum of up to-17.1％; difference in rate of application for BSFA soybean meal organic fertilizer was less than ±4.9％ with a minimum of-0.85％.The numerical value of using chemical fertilizer was twice that of organic fertilizer.Thus,urea fertilization strongly affected wood properties; whereas,BSFA soybean meal organic fertilizer only had a slight effect.