浙江下渚湖湿地面积变化与保护

Area change and protection countermeasures for Xiazhu Lake Wetlands, China

浙江下渚湖湿地是长三角地区生态系统多样性高、原生状态保持最完整的天然湿地之一。通过基于"3S"技术(遥感技术、全球定位系统和地理信息系统)资源调查方法,将下渚湖湿地2008-2010年冬季卫星影像进行比对,结果显示:调查区域在近3 a中湿地总面积减少了0.160 km2,沼泽湿地面积增加了0.014 km2,沼泽化程度由4.751%上升到5.333%,下渚湖湿地面积和质量方面存在着不同程度的下降。在保护工作中应减少人类生产生活对湿地面积和质量的影响,可采用水位控制、水体连通等措施,来增强湿地环境抗干扰能力。

Xiazhu Lake Wetlands is a natural wetlands in the Yangtze River Delta Region of China with a high ecosystem diversity and a strong undisturbed native state.Using survey methods based on ＂3S＂ （RS,GPS,GIS） technology,this research interpreted and compared satellite images of Xiazhu Lake Wetlands in the three winters from 2008 to 2010.Results showed that the total wetland area investigated decreased 0.160 km2 from 2008 to 2010,and eutrophication increased from 4.7％ to 5.3％.This decline in wetland area and quality meant that in the future,influence from human disturbances should be reduced,and water level control or water connectivity should be utilized to enhance the wetland＇s anti-interference capabilities.