近20年来苏北地区土地利用变化的景观格局特征研究

Study on Landscape Pattern Characteristics of Land Use Change in Northern Jiangsu in Recent Twenty Years

利用1985年、1995年、2005年、2008年4期遥感解译获取的土地利用变化数据,通过土地利用转移矩阵、景观格局指数定量研究了1985年以来苏北地区土地利用变化的主要方式、方向及其景观格局特征。研究表明1985年以来:(1)苏北地区土地利用变化显著,其中耕地为最主要的转出土地类型,建设用地是最主要的转入土地类型;(2)从土地利用变化的景观水平来看,区域景观格局愈趋复杂化和多样化,景观异质性增加,土地利用在向着多样化和均质化方向发展过程中呈现波动态势;(3)从土地利用变化的类型水平来看,耕地、林地、草地、水域、建设用地和未利用地等不同用地类型的景观格局特征对区域土地利用变化的响应特点各异,如耕地景观优势度降低、林地聚集度下降而未利用地破碎性增强等。

The author quantitatively explored the main ways and direction of land use change and its landscape pattern charac- teristics in northern Jiangsu since 1985 by using the land -use transfer matrix, landscape pattern index, and the land use change data obtained from the year 1985, 1995,2005 and 2008 through remote sensing interpretation. The results indicated that since 1985 the northern Jiangsu had gone though obvious land use change, the farmland use change was mainly of roll - out type, and the con- struetion land use change was mainly of roll - in type. Seeing from the landscape level of land use change, the regional landscape pattern was becoming more and more diversified and complicated, landscape heterogeneity increased, and land utilization presented a fluctuating status in the developing process of diversification and homogenization. Seeing from the type level of land use change, the landscape pattern characteristics of different types of land use （ farmland, forest land, grassland, water area, construction land, unutilized land etc. ） had different responses to the regional land use change, for example, the farmland landscape coverage de- creased, the aggregation degree of forest land declined, and the crumbliness of unutilized land increased.