我国优秀男子撑竿跳高运动员竿上技术的运动学研究

A Kinematic Study on the Flighting Techniques of Chinese Elite Male Vaulters

采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、影像解析法和数理统计法,对我国三名优秀男子撑竿跳高运动员的竿上技术进行分析。结论:我国选手的摆体技术和弯竿量同世界级运动员有明显差别,主要是躯干后仰过大和起跳腿没有较好的保持伸直状态,摆体技术的缺陷和BMI指数较低是弯竿量小的主要原因;良好的摆体技术可以减少撑竿阻力阶段的速度损失率,弯竿量同左手离竿时刻的垂直速度呈显著正相关;竿上的腾空高度同弯竿量成正比,我国运动员重心最高点与横杆高度的差值过大,需要改进过杆技术。

This project aimed to analyze the flighting tech- niques of three top male vaulters in China. We interviewed experts and employed the image analytical method. The results of the analysis showed that big difference existed in swing and pole bend between vautlers in China and world-class vaulters , with the former having a larger angle of trunk back-tih and failing to keep straight the take-off leg. Flaws in swing and a low BMI were mainly responsi- ble for the less pole bend. Improved swing techniques can reduce the velocity loss rate. There was a significant posi- tive correlation between the degree of pole bend and thevertical velocity at the moment the left hand released the pole. As the flight height is proportional with the degree of pole bend and a bigger difference existed between the maximum heights of Chinese vaulters＇ center of mass and the height of the bar, they should work on the technique of clearing the bar