外塑与内化:内蒙古大学生身体自尊研究

Shaping and Internalizing: Research on College Students' Physical Self-esteem in Inner Mongolia

为了了解不同性别、不同民族大学生身体自尊的差异,运用文献资料法、问卷调查法和数理统计法,从内蒙古大学生身体自尊的现状描述、对比研究、体育锻炼与身体自尊关系等三个方面展开了论述。结果表明:(1)普通生的身体自尊,男生高于女生,蒙古族高于汉族,且存在显著性差异。体育生身体自尊在性别和民族维度不存在显著性差异;(2)体育生的身体自尊均高于普通生;(3)大学生参与体育锻炼的次数、时间与身体自尊之间存在正相关,而运动强度在中等出汗等级时的运动能力、身体状况、身体吸引力和身体素质程度最高;(4)大学生参与体育锻炼有助于身体自尊的形成。身体自尊折射自身暗示的社会地位,存在潜在的社会流动。

In order to find differences in the physical self- esteem of college students from different genders and na- tionalities, the author discusses the physical self-esteem of college students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in the following three aspects, i. e. description of the present situation, a comparative study, and relations between physical exercise and physical self-esteem. The results show that： （1） as for the ordinary students, boys have higher physical self-esteem than girls, and Mongolian students higher than Han students. The differences are significant among ordinary students, while there is no sig- nificant difference among sport students of different gen- ders and nationalities; （2） sports students＇ physical self- esteem is higher than that of ordinary students; （3） the frequency and duration of college students＇ participation in physical exercise is positively correlated with their physi- cal self-esteem. Students＇ exercise capacity, physical con- dition, physical attractiveness and physical qualities may reach the highest degree when the exercise intensity is up to the moderate sweating level; （4） college students＇ par- ticipation in physical exercise helps the formation of their physical self-esteem. The physical self-esteem reflects one＇s own social status, which may cause potential flow between different social statuses.