护士工作压力源及工作疲溃感的调查研究

Job Stressors and Burnout among Staff Nurses

目的 :了解护士工作的主要压力源及工作疲溃感 ,并明确压力源与工作疲溃感之间的关系 ,以帮助管理层及护士本人正确的认识工作压力 ,设法减少工作压力 ,从而提高护士的工作效率及护理质量。方法 :采用问卷调查法 ,对西安市 4所教学医院临床护士的工作压力源、工作疲溃感以及他们之间的关系进行了探讨。结果 :临床护士的工作压力源依次为 :护理专业及工作方面的问题 ;工作量及时间分配问题 ;环境及资源方面的问题 ;病人护理方面的问题 ;管理及人际关系方面的问题。工作高度疲溃感的护士占 5 9.1% ,工作压力源与工作疲溃感之间呈显著性相关。结论 :建议从管理角度减少或消除护士工作压力源 。

This correlational descriptive study was conducted to describe job stressors,level of burnout and the relationship between job stressors and burnout in four clinical units of four teaching hospitals in Xian.The findings showed that professional and career issues were the most frequently encountered job stressor among staff nurses.The other job stressors in descending order were workload and time pressure,resource and environmental problems,patient care and interaction,and interpersonal relationships and management issues.The results also showed that 59.1% of the subjects had a high level of exhaustion.There was a significantly positive correlation between job stressors and the level of burnout.The findings suggest that effective stress management strategies should be implemented to prevent burnout in order to keep nurses in the profession and achieve better patient care. Author's address Nursing department in Xian University of Medical Sciences,Xian,710003