社区干预对河北省邯郸市手足口传染病控制的效果评价

Effect evaluation on hand-foot-and-mouth disease( HFMD) control in Handan City of Hebei Province by community intervention

目的评价社区干预在河北省邯郸市手足口等传染病控制中的效果。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法,计算样本量为6380名目标儿童并随机分组,对干预组实施5个月的干预措施,干预结束后,以问卷调查、症状监测以及手部细菌学监测的形式对干预效果进行评价。结果通过健康教育干预,干预后干预组儿童洗手习惯(16.3±6.1)、儿童不良卫生习惯(4.6±1.5)、儿童日常用品清洗习惯(3.9±1.6)、照看人洗手习惯(23.5±6.8)、照看人手足口病知识(9.5±2.7)、照看人洗手行为观察(12.5±1.4)6个调查因素评得分均高于对照组;干预组呼吸道及消化道传染病常见症状发生率明显低于对照组;在手部细菌学监测中,项目中、后期干预组大肠菌群阳性率分别为3.43%和1.91%,明显低于对照组的8.96%和9.18%,以上差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论实施洗手等健康教育干预措施,对手足口等传染病的流行有一定的遏制效果。

Objective To evaluate control effect of hand-foot-and-mouth disease （HFMD） in Handan City by community-based interventions. Methods A cluster random sampling method was used, 6380 cases were enrolled and divided into intervention and control group. Community intervention measures were implemented for 5 months, the effect were evaluated by questionnaire survey, symptom monitoring and hand bacteriological monitoring. Results After intervention, the scores of children washing habits （ 16.3 ± 6. 1 ）, bad health habits （4. 6± 1.5 ）, children＇ s daily cleaning habits （ 3.9 ± 1.6）, earegiver hand-washing habits （ 23.5 ± 6.8 ） , caregiver HFMD knowledge （ 9. 5 ± 2.7 ）, caregiver handwashing behavior （12. 5 ±1.4） were better than that of control group. The incidenee rates of common respiratory symptoms and digestive tract symptoms in intervention group were significantly lower than that in control group. The hand coliform positive rate in intervention group （3.43%, 1.91% ） was significantly lower than that in control group （8.96%, 9. 18% ）.There was significantly difference （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion The implementation of community intervention on hand-washing and other health education measure has good effect on HFMD control.