复聪汤对APP／PS1双转基因阿尔茨海默病小鼠学习记忆改善的实验研究

Experimental research of Fucong Tang improving learning and memory abilities in APP/PS1 double transgenic mice with Alzheimer＇s disease

目的探讨复聪汤对阿尔茨海默病小鼠学习记忆能力的影响及相关机制。方法20只9月龄APP／PSl双转基因小鼠按照随机数字表法分为2组：复聪汤组灌服药液1mL／d，共8周；对照组同期给予等量蒸馏水。利用Morris水迷宫检测小鼠空间学习记忆能力，免疫组织化学染色法检测海马CAl区N-甲基-D-门冬氨酸（NMDA）受体2B亚单位吣B）蛋白表达的强弱，免疫荧光观察母淀粉样蛋白（AB）斑块，电镜观察突触结构。结果（1）治疗8周后复聪汤组小鼠第1-4天逃避潜伏期较对照组明显缩短，差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。复聪汤组原站台象限停留时间长于对照组，穿越原站台次数多于对照组，差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。（2）治疗后复聪汤组海马CAl区NR2B表达高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。（3）复聪汤组Aβ斑块缩小，周围激活的星形胶质细胞减少，而对照组仍以致密型Aβ斑块为主，星形胶质细胞增多。（4）复聪汤组突触结构改善。结论复聪汤可能是通过促使Aβ致密斑向弥散斑转化，使Aβ蛋白沉积导致的神经毒性作用减弱，以及改善突触部位超微结构，促使海马区NR2B蛋白表达增强，来改善AD小鼠的学习记忆能力作用。

Objective To investigate the effect of Fucong Tang on learning and memory abilitiesinAPP/PS1 double transgenic mice with Alzheimer＇ s disease （AD）. Methods Atotalof20 9-month-old APP/PS1 transgenic mice were randomly divided into two groups： one group receiving Fucong Tang 1 mL/d for 8 weeks （Fucong Tang treatment group） and the other group receiving distilled water treatment. The spatial learning and memory abilities of AD mice were tested with Morris water maze, and Aβ plaques were observed by Aβ＋GFAP double immunofluorescence staining, the expression of N-methyl -aspartate （NMDA） receptors subunit 2B （NR2B） by immunohistochemistry, and synapses in CA1 by electron microscopy. Results The 1-4 d escape latency of the Fucong Tang treatment group was significantly shorter than that of the control group （P〈0.005）; the time spent in the target quadrants and the frequency of crossing the original platform in the Fucong Tang treatment group were significantly higher than that of the control group （P〈0.05）. The average optical density of positive NR2B in the Fucong Tang treatment group was higher that of the control group （P〈0.05）. After treatment, Aβ plaques volume and the surrounding activated astrocytes reduced in the Fucong Tang treatment group, while there still presented more compact Aβ plaques and more activated astrocytes in the control group. The damage of synapses of Fucong Tang treatment group presented alleviated. Conclusion Fucong Tang could improve the learning and memory abilities of AD mice by reducing compact Aβ plaques and alleviatingassociated toxic effects on neurons, and further promoting the expression of NR2B and improving synapse structure.