泉州地区变应性鼻炎变应原检测分析

Allergen analysis of patients with allergic rhinitis in Quanzhou

目的:了解泉州地区变应性鼻炎(AR)的变应原分布情况,为诊断、预防和治疗提供依据。方法:采用20种标准化变应原对泉州地区1 236例拟诊为AR患者进行皮肤点刺试验(SPT),分析不同年龄、性别和病情轻重程度的患者在变应原阳性率分布上的差异。结果:SPT阳性率前5位的变应原分别为屋尘螨(66.7%)、粉尘螨(65.5%)、蟑螂(32.8%)、海蟹(18.2%)、海虾(16.8%)。未成年组中SPT阳性率与成年组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同性别之间SPT阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);有家族史和哮喘史的患者阳性率与无家族史和哮喘史的阳性率相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:屋尘螨、粉尘螨、蟑螂、海蟹、海虾是泉州地区AR的主要变应原,不同年龄阶段的患者SPT阳性率有所不同,有家族史、哮喘史的患者阳性率比无家族史、哮喘史的阳性率高。

Objective： To understand the dislribution of allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis （AR） in Quanzhou, for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment. Method： Twenty standardized allergen underwent skin prick testing（skin prick test, SPT） were used for 1 2{36 patients with suspected AR patients in Quanzhou, and the different age, gender and severity in patients with allergen distribution differences of positive rate were analyzed. Result： The top 5 allergens with positive skin tests were D. pteronyssinus（ 66.7% ）, D. farinae（65.5 %）, Blattodea （232.8%） ,Sea crab（18. 2%）,and Sea lobster（16. 8%）. The positive rate of SPT in the minor groups and adult groups had significant difference（P〈0.05 ）. Gender difference between the positive rate of SPT had no significant difference（P〉0.05）. There was significant difference between the positive rate in patients with a family history and history of asthma and patients without above two history （ P〈0.05 ）. Conclusion： Dust Mite, Blattodea, Sea crab,Sea lobster are the most important allergens in quanzhou. Different ages of the patients with SPT positive rates vary,a family history, history of asthma patients with positive rate is higher than patients without a family history of asthma history, high positive rate.