河流心滩形成模式与构建技术研究

Formation pattern and construction technology of river channel bars

选取北京市白河人为扰动较少的24个样点河段内的12处心滩进行实地调查,并依靠调查数据对心滩的形成、分布特征及在增加物种多样性方面作了相关的分析与研究。结果表明,河流心滩有增加河道断面形式和生物多样性等多种作用。考虑到城市河流生态系统较为脆弱的现状,认为可通过在城市河道修建人工心滩的方式来对城市河道进行生态改造。在此基础上提出了心滩的构建原则,以及"直道滩""弯道滩""群滩"3种构建方式,旨在为城市河道生态治理和恢复提供参考。

Baihe River, which is located at the suburban of Beijing, was selected as the study object. This paper focuses on a field investigation conducted in 12 river channel bars, which were seldom disturbed by human being. Data about formation and distribution characteristics of channel as well as its influence on increasing biodiversity had been analyzed. The results showed that river channel bars had the effects of increasing river cross section forms and biodiversity. Considering the present situation that urban river ecological system is fragile, it is feasible to make ecological reconstruction on urban river by the way of constructing artificial channel bars. Besides the construction principle of channel bars was proposed on the basis of study with the proposing of three construction methods, i.e. ＂ straight beach model＂, ＂corner beach model＂, and ＂group beach model＂, aiming to provide reference for urban river ecological management and reconstruction.