开滦不同年龄、性别人群心血管健康行为和因素的流行差异

Age and gender differences in the prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health behavior and factors in Kailuan cohort

目的调查开滦研究不同年龄、性别人群中理想心血管健康行为和因素的流行差异。方法采用横断面研究的方法,以参加2010-2011年度开滦集团公司健康体检普查的105 697名职工为研究对象,排除既往有心肌梗死病史、脑卒中病史、恶性肿瘤病史、妊娠哺乳及研究相关资料不全者,最终纳入统计分析的有效数据为83 821人。按年龄将其分为青年组(18~<40岁)、中年组(40~<65岁)和老年组(≥65岁),分析不同年龄、性别人群中理想心血管健康行为和因素的流行差异。结果各年龄组中理想吸烟状态的比例最高,并且女性高于男性。理想体育锻炼状态比例最低,且所占比例随年龄增大而增加,老年组最高。不同年龄、性别人群中心血管健康因素的流行情况:在吸烟、体育锻炼心血管健康因素中,理想状态比例在各年龄组中随年龄增加而增加。女性各年龄组的理想血压比例分别高于男性相应年龄组。在两性中,一般水平体质量指数(BMI)、一般水平收缩压、一般水平空腹血糖、一般水平总胆固醇最低四分位水平如分别减低2.7kg/m2、10mm Hg、1.1mmol/L、1.0mmol/L即可达理想水平组中位数水平。较差水平BMI、较差水平收缩压、较差水平空腹血糖、较差水平总胆固醇最低四分位水平如分别减低3.0kg/m2、20mm Hg、1.1mmol/L、0.9mmol/L即可达一般水平组中位数水平。结论开滦研究不同年龄、性别人群中7项理想心血管的健康行为和因素流行均存在差异。

Objective To investigate the different prevalence of ideal cardiovascular （CV） health behavior and factors in Kailuan cohort with different age and gender. Methods A cross-sectional study was designed in this research. From 2010 to 2011, totally 105 697 Kailuan Group employees who underwent general health survey or physical examination were collected and finally 83 821 qualified subjects were included for analysis. These cases were free of stroke, malignant tumor, pregnancy and lactation, and incomplete examination data. Based on their ages, this cohort was divided into three groups： youth group （aged 18-〈40）, middle-aged （aged 40-〈65）, elderly group （aged^65）. And the age and gender differences in the prevalence of ideal CV health behavior and factors were probed. Results Ideal smoking status occupied the highest proportion in each age group, and it was higher in females than in males. Meanwhile, the ideal physical activity status was the lowest among all CV health behavior. But it increased with age, and the elderly group shared the highest. The status of ideal CV health factors in different gender and age groups was as follows： the ideal status ratio up with increased age in the three CV factors of physical exercise and smoking. Female at all ages had higher prevalence of ideal blood pressure than male counterpart did. The median levels of CV health factors with different ages and sexes were demonstrated as below： in both genders, the indexes of body mass index, systolic pressure, fasting blood-glucose and total cholesterol levels reached the median levels of ideal group if the lowest quartiles of these indexes in ordinary group reduced by 2.7 kg/m2 , 10 mm Hg, 1.1 retool/L, 1.0 mmol/L respectively. Additionally, these indexes hit the median of ordinary group if the lowest quartiles in subordinate group decreased by 3.0 kg/m2 , 20 mm Hg, 1.1 mmol/L, and 0.9 mmol/L respectively. Conclusion There are significant gender and age differences in the seven ideal cardiovas cular health behavior and factors.