17种抗生素对β-内酰胺酶的稳定性比较

Study of stability of 17β-lactams to 16β-lactamases

目的 研究17种抗生素对16种标准β-内酰胺酶的稳定性。方法 采用紫外分光光度法。结果 第三代头孢菌素和氨曲南(除头孢哌酮外)均对β-内酰胺酶稳定，其中头孢三嗪的酶稳定性最好，相对水解率均不超过30％。结论 第二代头孢菌素头孢呋新的相对水解率为6％～65％。第一代头孢菌素对酶的稳定性不如第二代头孢菌素，其中头孢硫脒对酶的稳定性尤差，OXA-2、SHV-4、D31对它的相对水解率分别高达523％、912％和359％。青霉素类的酶稳定性较差，大多数相对水解率在100％以上。

To study the stability of 17β-lactams to 16 standard β-lactamases. Methods Spectrophotometrical technology was used. Results The third generation cephalosporins and aztreonam were stable to β-lactamases except cefoperazone,which had poor stability.Ceftriaxone was the most resistant agent in the eight tested third generation cephalosporins, the relative hydrolysis rates (RHRS) of the former was less than 30%. Conclusion RHRS of cefuroxime the second generation cephalosporin, were 6%-65%. The stability of the first generation cephalosporins to β-lactamases was poorer than those of the second generation cephalasporins. Among the first generation cephalosporins,cefathiamidine was the most susceptible to β-lactamases, and the RHRS by OXA-2, SHV-4, and D31 were 523%, 912% and 359% respectively. The penicillins were susceptible to β-lactamases and RHRS were more than 100%.