血管内皮生长因子在人卵巢和子宫内膜上的表达

Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in human ovary and endometrial tissues

目的 探讨血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）在人卵巢、子宫内膜中的表达及其在月经周期中的变化规律。方法 收集人正常卵巢、子宫内膜组织标本各20例，采用免疫组织化学方法检测VEGF的表达。结果 (1) 卵巢VEGF表达定位于颗粒细胞胞浆及胞膜，卵泡膜细胞也有少量分泌，卵泡液呈阳性表达；原始卵泡、初级卵泡、次级卵泡表达依次增强，三者之间表达强度有显著性差异（P<0.001）。(2) 子宫内膜VEGF表达定位于腔上皮及腺上皮，在增生中后期及分泌早期表达逐渐增强，分泌中期为表达高峰，与其他各时期比表达强度有显著性差异（P<0.001）。结论 (1) VEGF随卵泡生长表达逐渐增强，与卵母细胞成熟同步，提示VEGF可能通过旁分泌作用促进卵泡的生长发育。(2)VEGF在子宫内膜腔上皮和腺上皮局部表达，随月经周期发生规律性改变，分泌中期表达最强，提示VEGF可能参与胚胎着床过程。

Objective To investigate the expression of VEGF in human ovary and endometrial tissues and explore its expression pattern during the menstrual cycle. Methods The expression of VEGF in 20 ovarian and 20 endometrial tissue specimens was measured immuohistochemically. Result The ovarian expression of VEGF was found to be localized mainly in the cytoplasm and on the membrane of the granulocytes, and significant increase was observed during the course of follicular development; VEGF was also detected in the follicular fluid. The endometrial expression of VEGF was localized in the glandular and endometrial epithelium, but not found in the stromal cells of the uterus. The expression was enhanced in the middle secretory phase in both the glandular epithelium and the endometrium. Conclusion The expression pattern of VEGF in the ovary indicates that VEGF plays an important role in blastocyst development. The regularity of VEGF expression is closely related with the menstrual cycle, indicating VEGF participates in embryo implantation.