纤维状矿物粉尘对肺泡巨噬细胞作用的体外研究

Effects of fibrous mineral dusts on pulmonary alveolar macrophages in vitro

目的 :评价纤维状矿物粉尘的表面游离基团及表面电动电位在其对肺泡巨噬细胞毒性中所起的作用 ,探讨其损伤的机制。方法 :采用体外细胞培养技术及扫描电镜的方法 ,以细胞死亡率、细胞电泳率、丙二醛(malondialdehyde ,MDA)的变化、乳酸脱氢酶 (lactatedehydrogenase ,LDH)及超氧化物歧化酶 (superoxidedismutase ,SOD)活力作为毒性指标 ,观察纤维状矿物粉尘对肺泡巨噬细胞膜的通透性、膜电荷及细胞形态的影响。结果 :不含OH-的纤维硅灰石、板状沸石未表现出细胞毒性 ;纤维海泡石、纤维坡缕石、纤维水镁石及纤维蛇纹石石棉因含不同的OH-而表现出不同的细胞毒性 ,六种纤维矿物粉尘均使细胞电泳率发生了改变。结论 :纤维矿物粉尘的表面电动电位是一个非特异的因素 ;而纤维矿物粉尘对肺泡巨噬细胞的毒性与其表面所含OH-及其数量有关。

AIM: To assess the role of surface free radicals and electromotive voltage of fibrous mineral dusts in rabbit pulmonary alveolar macrophage injuries induced by fibrous mineral dusts. METHODS: Changes in cell death ratio, malandialdehyde (MDA) and cellur electrophoresis ratio, lactate dehydrogenate (LDH)and superoxide dismitase(SOD) activities were determined, the technique of cell culture and Scanning electron Microscopy were used to examine the change of membranous permeability, charge and cellular shape. RESULTS: Fibrous wollastonite and tabulate clinoptilolite, which had no OH-, had no cytotoxicity, while fibrous sepiolite, fibrous palygorskite, fibrous brucite and chrysolite asbestos damaged pulmonary alveolar macrophages in various degrees because of the different OH- levels. All the six fibrous mineral dusts changed the cellular electrophoresis ratio. CONCLUSION: The surface electromotive voltage of fibrous mineral dusts is not an important factor, and the cytotoxicity of them may be related to OH- levels on the mineral dust surface.