内蒙古5种草原蝗虫生长发育的比较

COMPARISION OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF FIVE GRASSHOPPERS IN INNER MONGOLIA GRASSLANDS

在室内光周期16L:8D、相对湿度60%、温度L29℃:D26℃的变温条件下,测定了内蒙古5种主要草原蝗虫的发育历期和体长。结果表明,5种蝗虫若虫期和成虫寿命存在显著差异。短星翅蝗和亚洲小车蝗的蝗蝻期最长,其次为宽翅曲背蝗和大垫尖翅蝗,最短为毛足棒角蝗。雌性成虫寿命:最长为宽翅曲背蝗和短星翅蝗,其次为大垫尖翅蝗和亚洲小车蝗,最短为毛足棒角蝗;雄性成虫寿命:大垫尖翅蝗最长,其次为短星翅蝗和宽翅曲背蝗,最短为亚洲小车蝗和毛足棒角蝗。各龄蝗蝻及成虫体长在5种蝗虫间均存在显著差异,随着龄期的增长体长逐渐增长。雌性成虫体长差异最大,最长为宽翅曲背蝗,其次为亚洲小车蝗,再次为短星翅蝗和大垫尖翅蝗,最短为毛足棒角蝗。雄性成虫体长均短于相应的雌虫,宽翅曲背蝗最长,亚洲小车蝗长于短星翅蝗,但与大垫尖翅蝗和毛足棒角蝗差异不显著。

The developmental durations and body length of five major grasshoppers in Inner Mongolia grasslands were determined under the conditions of photoperiod = 16L： 8D, temperature = L29℃： D26℃ and relative humidity = 60%. The results showed that the nympha durations and adult longevities varied significantly among five grasshoppers. Calliptamus abbreviatus Ikonn and Oedaleus asiaticus （Bienko） were the longest in the developmental durations of nymphae, secondly Pararcyptera microptera meridionalis （Ikonn.） and Epacromius coerulipes （ Ivan. ） , and Dasyhippus barbipes （ F. - W. ） was tile shortest. In female adult longevity, P. microptera meridionalis and C. abbreviatus were the longest, secondly E. coerulipes and O. asiaticus, and tile shortest was D. barbipes. In male adult longevity, E. coerulipes was the longest, secondly C. abbreviatus and P. microptera meridionalis, and the shortcst were O. asiaticlts and D. barbipes. The body length of nymphae and adults varied significantly among five grasshoppers, and increased with the growth and development of nymphae. The female adults varied the most significantly in body length. The longest was P. microptera meridionalis, secondly O. asiaticus, thirdly C. abbreviatus and E. coerulipes, the least was D. barbipes. All of the male adults were shorter than the corresponding female in body length. P. microptera meridionalis was the longest, O. asiaticus was longer than C. abbreviatus, but did not vary significantly with E. coerulipes and D. barbipes.