侧面补光对温室黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.cv.Shenchun)果实生长和品质的影响

Effects of Different Light Qualities Interlighting on Growth and Quality of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Shenchun) Fruit in Greenhouse

为研究侧面补光对温室黄瓜果实生长和品质的影响,以黄瓜品种深春为材料,采用不同光质(8红1蓝、6红2绿1蓝、6红3蓝)LED灯开花结果期侧面补光,光源光通量密度为15μmol·m-2·s-1。每天补光8.0h(06:00-11:00;16:30-19:30),测定分析了侧面补光下黄瓜果实生长和品质等的变化。结果表明:3个不同补光处理的黄瓜果实瓜长、径粗及瓜重均高于对照处理,3个不同补光处理均明显提高黄瓜果实维生素C含量和氨基酸总含量,其中,维生素C含量以6红3蓝(6R3B)补光处理最高,8种人体必需氨基酸以及其他氨基酸含量和比例均以8红1蓝(8R1B)补光处理最高;而可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、蔗糖、果糖、淀粉和还原糖含量,仅8红1蓝(8R1B)补光处理比自然光有显著提高。因此,开花结果期不同光质LED灯侧面补光能促进黄瓜果实生长和营养品质的增加,红光比例较高的8红1蓝(8R1B)补光处理效果最好。

To explore the responses and their mechanisms of cucumber fruit to different light qualities interlighting by LED in greenhouse. Cucumber （Cucumis sativus L. cv. Shenchun） was planted in greenhouse with 8 h （6：00-11：00;16：30-19：30） of interlighting different light qualities （red：blue=8：l （SR1B）, red：blue=6：3 （6R3B） and red：green：blue=6：2：1 （6R2GIB）, 15 μmol.m-2.s^-1）. The effects of interlighting different light qualities on fruit growth and quality were investigated. The fruit length, stem diameter and the fruit weight of cucumber under three interlighting treatments were higher than control treatment. Compared with the control treatment, the contents of vitamin C （VC） and the total amino acid had been obviously enhanced in the three interlighting treatments. The VC content was the highest in the 6R3B treatment, however, the contents of eight kinds of amino acids required by human body and others amino acid components were highest in the 8RIB treatment. Among the three interlighting treatments, only contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar, sucrose, fructose, starch and reducing sugar significantly increased in the 8R1B treatment compared with the control treatment. Three interlighting treatments during flowering and fruit periods had a certain promoting effects in the cucumber fruit growth, and the 8RIB treatment had the most significantly improved effects. The qualities of the cucumber fruits were improved by those interlighting treatments during flowering and fruit periods.