基于文献综述的新一轮集体林权制度改革成效分析

Performance Analysis of This New Round of Collective Forest Tenure Reform Based on Literatures Review

新一轮集体林权制度改革是我国农村林业和集体林区开展的一项重要制度变革。文章基于2003~2012年集体林权制度改革领域公开发表的学术论文，从改革产生的经济效益、社会效益和生态效益3个维度构建了分析框架，探析了不同研究关于改革成效的发现。研究表明，在经济效益方面，多数文献表明改革促进了农户增收，改革对区域经济发展的影响因研究开展时间差异存在差别；在社会效益方面，改革对村级民主具有双重影响，有助于农户就业、政府和林业管理部门加强社会服务；在生态效益方面，农户主观认为改革有助于自然环境改善，但客观行为却有负面影响，有数据表明改革改善了区域环境。研究建议，基于改革中出现的新型问题推进改革的深入开展，建立科学的成效评价体系，覆盖更广的研究区域，采用现代分析方法。

This new round of collective forest tenure reform is one of key institutional reforms in the rural area and the collective forest zones in China. Based on academic articles published in the field about collective forest tenure reform from 2003 to 2012, this paper constructs an analytic framework consisting three dimensionalities, viz., eco- nomic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits, and then to explore performance of the reforms found by cur- rent research. Our study generates three aspects of findings. At the aspect of economic benefit, the reform facilitates farmers to gain higher income which are supported by most articles, and the reform play different influences on re- gional development in terms to the time the study being conducted. At the aspect of social benefit, the reform has dual impacts on improvement of democracy at village level, and dedicates to promotion of farmers employment, and social service provided by government and forestry administration. At ecological aspect, the reform is regarded subjectively by farmers to improve natural environment, while farmers＇ forest management behavior play negative influence on natural environment, but some data testify that the form improve regional environment. It is suggested by us that the further studies should focus on new problems arise from the reform process, set up a scientific perfor- mance analysis system, cover more areas, and employ modem analytic methods.