小麦耐渍的根部形态及其生理适应

Morphological and Metabolic Adaptation of Wheat Root to Waterlogging

渍害是影响世界小麦生产的主要非生物逆境,根部是渍害发生的起始位置。从根的生长、根通气组织的形成和根际泌氧(radial oxygen loss,ROL)屏障等根部形态适应特征,以及无氧呼吸、可溶性糖的有效供应、抗氧化剂和抗氧化酶的活性等代谢反应机制两方面对小麦的耐渍机制研究进行了综述。小麦耐渍机制较为复杂,建议应用正向遗传学、反向遗传学以及生物信息学技术进一步对该领域进行深入研究。

Waterlogging is a major abiotic stress to wheat throughout the world. Wheat roots undergo many morphological and metabolic changes to adapt to waterlogging. Morphological changes in roots contain root growth, aerenchyma formation, barriers to radial oxygen loss and so on. Metabolic changes in roots mainly include anaerobic respiration,increased availability of soluble sugars, and antioxidant activities. Tolerance mechanisms to waterlogging in wheat are complicated. To study deeply in this area, forward genetics, reverse genetics and bioinformatics methods should be introduced in future.