叶公超与中国现代文学批评

Ye Gong-chao and Chinese Modern Literary Criticism

在20世纪二三十年代涌现的一批中国现代文学批评家中,叶公超是较少被关注的一位,但实际上他的批评很有自己的个性和独创价值。由于长期受到西方现代文化的浸染,与同时代人比较起来,叶公超的文学批评最具现代性视野,他是最早把西方现代派的代表作家T·S·艾略特以及新批评理论介绍到中国的批评家之一,从而大大拓展了中国现代文学的理论空间。同时叶公超对中国新诗发展的理论问题也给予了充分的关注,对中国新诗的格律、音节、声韵等关涉诗歌形式的要素都提出过不少独到的见解;此外,叶公超在具体的文学批评实践中遵循宽容、自由的原则,他对鲁迅等的评价由此超越了政治立场的歧见而获得了学术的生命。

Ye Gong-chao receives comparatively less attention than others among the modern Chinese literary critics of the 1920＇s and 1930＇ s, though in reality his criticism has its own originality and value. Exposed to the modern western culture for a long time, Ye＇s literary criticism theory most features modernity compared with his contemporaries. Ye was one of those Chinese critics who first introduced T. S. Eliot, the representative of western modernist writers, and his new critical theories to China and made deep analysis, which enlarged the theoretical space of Chinese modern literature. Meanwhile, Ye pays full attention to the development of the theory of Chinese New Poetry and has many original ideas about elements of poetic forms, such as meters syllable, and rhythm. Moreover, as Ye follows the principles of freedom and tolerance in his practice of literary criticism, his remarks on Lu Xun etc. get vigorous academic life by transcending the differences in political stance.