居延绿洲古遗址的遥感识别与分析

Identification and Analysis of Archeological Remnants Using Remote Sensing Data in Juyan Oasis of Northwestern China

历史时期各种人类活动的考古遗迹对于重建过去的人类活动变化和理解区域环境演变有重要作用。黑河流域下游的古居延绿洲在过去不同的历史阶段曾有过多次繁荣的农业屯垦活动,反映过去人类活动的大量古遗迹残留在无数的沙包和沙丘中。综合高分辨率遥感影像和野外实地的现场调查数据,依据古遗址表现在遥感资料上的各种影像特征,辨识和解译出了古绿洲上以往传统野外考古调查中难以发现的部分历史时期未知小型古遗址。通过遥感新发现的未知古遗址主要分布于古绿洲南部的绿城和BJ2008城遗址附近,弥补了研究区过去野外考古调查中部分空白区域缺失的考古遗址信息。

Archaeological ruins in ancient times can play an important role in studying and restoring the past human activities,as well as understanding regional environmental changes. There were many flourishingly agricultural activities in different historical periods that were developed in ancient Juyan Oasis in the down- stream of the Heihe River Basin. A large number of historical ruins that reflect past human activities re- mained in numerous of the nebkhas and sand dunes. This study combined high-resolution remote sensing images and in situ truths investigated during the fieldwork,certain parts of unknown remnants were identi- fied by the image features of ancient remnants that appear in the remotely sensed data, which were not found in the past field archaeological investigations and unreported in the past public literatures. Most of the unknown remnants that were identified using remote sensing images are distributed in the surroundings of the ancient city sites,including Lvcheng and BJ2008. New findings fill the gaps that the historical remnants were missed during the previous field surveys.