昆明市育龄妇女人工流产现状及避孕失败原因分析

Contraceptive Use and Impact Factors among Reproductive-age Urban Women Seeking Abortions in Kunming

目的了解城市育龄妇女人口流产特征、现状,分析避孕失败原因.方法采用连续抽样法,由经过培训的专业医生使用统一调查表对2011年6月至2011年12月到昆明市某两家市级医院进行人工流产的397例妇女进行调查.结果未婚占39.3%,57.7%研究对象曾做过人工流产,其中27.0%有≥2次人工流产史.30.7%在20岁前发生首次性行为.最主要的避孕方法为使用避孕套,避孕知识的正确认知率较低,伴侣双方共同参与避孕意识较高.影响重复流产的因素有年龄、文化程度和获取避孕药具的途径.结论应该采取包括流产后服务(PAC)在内的多种措施,提高城市育龄妇女的避孕知识和能力,降低人工流产率.

Objective To determine the situation of contraceptive use and impact factors among reproductive-age women seeking abortion in Kunming which was in the southwest of China in order to provide information for improving contraceptive use. Methods A hospital-based study was conducted among 397 women of reproductive age, seeking abortion in hospitals of different levels in Kunming from June 2011 to December 2011. They were face to face interviewed by the trained investigators with the questionnaires. Results Among 397 women, 229 cases （57.7%） had experienced induced abortion. Abortion accounted for 61.7% of married women, and unmarried accounted for 39.3%. About 36.3% never used any contraceptives, and only 21.4% of respondents used contraceptives at every intercourse. The main contraceptive before this pregnancy was condom （68.9%） . The use of contraceptives was mainly decided by couple （73.4%） . Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that respondents＇ age, educational level and access to contraceptives in hospital were associated with the use of contraceptive. Conclusion Premarital pregnancy and low rate of contraception are the main reason for induced abortion. Fewer reproductive-age women seeking abortion use contraceptives. It is necessary to increase their awareness of contraception and abortion related knowledge, provide feasible contraceptive to enable women to avoid unwilling pregnancy. Further more, it is important to promote male involvement in contraception.