昆明医科大学护理本科生职业暴露情况的相关调查

The Survey on the Occupational Exposure of Undergraduate Nursing Students In Kunming Medical University

目的调查云南省某高校护理本科生职业暴露意识现状,探讨自我防护知识的普及水平,为提高职业防护水平提供依据.方法采用自行设计问卷对449名昆明医科大学护理本科生进行问卷调查,获得该调查人群职业暴露的现状和防护知识的普及水平.结果 (1)本次调查人数449人,其中已进入临床见习/实习的共258人,发生职业暴露的占48.8%;(2)护理本科生职业暴露的影响因素有年级:OR=1.59(r=0.46,P=0.01)、洗手情况OR=0.52(r=-0.65,P=0.02)和戴手套情况OR=0.35(r=-1.05,P=0.01);(3)未接受过职业防护教育与职业暴露的关联性调查结果显示:χ2值为4.20,P<0.05,列联系数为0.13,P<0.05,认为未接受过职业防护教育与职业暴露有关联性.结论对护理本科生进行岗前培训,是减少职业暴露发生的措施之一,在进行各项操作时严格按照操作规程进行操作;正确洗手及适时的戴手套以及职业相关知识的普及宣传教育,是提高自我防护意识、减少或减低职业暴露是发生的主要手段.

Objective To understand the undergraduate nursing students’ awareness of the basic situation of occupational exposure in Kunming Medical University, and to understand their knowing status of occupational exposure knowledge. Methods We used self- designed questionnaire to investigate 449 undergraduate nursing students in Kunming Medical University to obtain the status of occupational exposure and protection knowledge level of students.Results （1） 449 students were investigated, and 258 of them had been in clinical practice, and occupational exposure occurred in 48.8% of them. （2） Occupational exposure factors included grade, washing hands and wearing gloves;The results showed that：Grade was a risk factor and wearing glove and washing hands were protective factors. （3） There was relevance between accepting the occupational protection education and the occupational exposure. Conclusions A useful measure to reduce the occurrence of occupational exposure is Pre-service training for undergraduates nursing students. Operation should be in strict accordance with operating specifications. Schools and departments should implement occupational protection system, so as to strengthen the related knowledge vocational education,enhance self-protection awarenes,and reduce or minimize the occurrence of occupational exposure.