交配型对香菇单、双核菌丝体菌丝生长速度的影响

The relationships between mating types and mycelial growth rates of monokaryons and dikaryons in Lentinula edodes

以野生香菇菌株HW21的120个单孢子分离物与4个遗传背景不同的其他香菇单核体杂交所得的480个双核体后代为材料,探讨了不同交配型对香菇单核体、双核体菌丝生长速度的影响。结果表明:不同交配型孢子单核体菌丝生长速度的变异系数为AxBx〈AxBy〈AyBx〈AyBy,菌丝生长速度为AxBx〉AxBy〉AyBx〉AyBy,其中AxBx和AyBy的菌丝生长速度差异极显著。含Ax因子的单核体菌丝速度大于含Ay因子的单核体,差异极显著;而含Bx、By因子的单核体菌丝速度差异不显著。来自HW21的两个原生质体分离物菌丝生长速度为AxBx〉AyBy,差异极显著,推测交配型因子与控制单核体菌丝生长速度的基因位点之间有着某种连锁。PDA及木屑培养基中的单核体菌丝生长速度之间呈极显著遗传正相关,CYM及木屑培养基中双核体菌丝生长速度之间也呈极显著遗传正相关,但单核体与其杂交后代双核体菌丝生长速度之间无明显相关性。

The 120 monospore isolates derived from wild L. edodes strain HW21 and their 480 dikaryotic hybrids obtained by crossing with 4 genetically different monokaryons were used as test ma- terials and the effects of different mating types on mycelial growth rates of the monokaryon and dikaryon mycelia were investigated. The results showed that the ascending order in variation coeffi- cients of mycelial growth rates of different mating types＇ monokaryons was AxBx 〈 AxBy〈 AyBx AyBy,the descending order in mycelial growth rates was AxBx〉 AxBy〉 AyBx〉 AyBy,and in myce- lial growth rate there was a very significant difference between AxBx and AyBy. The mycelial growth rates of monokaryons with Ax mating type factor were very significantly greater than ones with Ay factor,while there was not a significant difference between monokaryons with Bx and with By. And from the same trend and the same significance of difference existing in the two protoplast monokary- ons from HW21 ,it was inferred that there might be some linkage between the mating type factors and the gene loci controlling the mycelial growth rate. The positive correlation of the mycelial growth rates of monokaryons was very significant between on the PDA and on sawdust media,and that of the mycelial growth rates of the dikaryons was also very significant between on the CYM and on sawdust media,but there was not a clear correlation of mycelial growth rates between the monokaryons and the dikaryons.