不同防治体系对秋季花菜主要害虫的控制效果与效益分析

The control efficiencies of control measures on major insect pests of autumn cauliflower and the benefit cost analyses

研究了不同防治技术体系中秋季花菜主要害虫和天敌的发生动态以及控制效果,并进行了收益和成本分析。结果表明:秋季花菜主要害虫以甜菜夜蛾、斜纹夜蛾和烟粉虱为主。在害虫复合防治指标作为决策指标下,4种防治技术中生物防治区、化学防治区和常规防治区防治成本、产量和净产值无显著差异;生物+化学防治区和化学防治区比常规防治区减少化学药剂有效成分70%左右;生物防治区不使用化学药剂,蜘蛛等天敌数量明显多于化学防治区和常规防治区。综合考虑,生物防治是综合防治中较好的防治方法,既保障了花菜正常生长和产量,又很好地保护了自然天敌和环境。

Under different control measures the occurrence and development of insect pests of au- tumn cauliflower and the control efficiencies were studied and the benefit and cost analyses were also made. The results showed that the major insect pests of autumn cauliflower were Laphygma exigua, Prodenia litura and Bemisia tabaci. The control costs, productions and net output values had no signifi- cant differences between the biological control plot, chemical control plot and routine control plot ac- cording to the composite pest control index. The active ingredients of chemical insecticides applied in the biological-chemical control plot or the chemical control plot could be 70% less than those in the routine control plot. In the biological control plot without appiying chemical insecticides such natural enemies as spiders were much more than those in the chemical control plot and the routine control plot. From the above results it was concluded that the biological control was a better method of inte- grated control and could not only ensure the normal growth and yield of cauliflower but also protect natural enemies and environment.