政治博弈与劳资冲突:1927年上海英美烟厂罢工

The Strike of Shanghai American Tobacco Factory in 1927: A Political Game and Labor Disputes

1927年,南京国民政府寻求关税自主,力求在烟草统税问题上有所突破时,上海英美烟厂爆发了罢工。在这次罢工中,党政各部门不只扮演调停者的角色,而是在给予罢工者以经济支持、代表他们与资方谈判的同时,还发动了一场声势浩大的全民抵货运动,使罢工坚持了110天之久。在罢工的过程中,反对英美烟公司"擅抗国税"成为最响亮的口号,工人的利益被置于次要地位。显然,政府的意图不过是要以罢工和抵货给公司施压,迫使其在烟草统税问题上妥协。罢工只是中国政府与英美烟公司政治博弈的工具而已。

In 1927,when the Nanjing national government was striving for tariff autonomy,a strike broke out in Shanghai American Tobacco Factory. During the strike, which lasted for 110 days, different departments of the Party and government not only played a role of mediator but also started a gigantic civil boycotting movement by offering the strikers financial support and bargaining with the capital. In the course of the strike,objecting Shanghai American Tobacco Factory who defied the national tax was the loudest slogan,yet the interest of the workers was put at a secondary position. Obviously,the govern- ment＇ intention was to put pressure on the company by strike and boycotting, which might force the company to compromise over their tax on tobacco. The strike was actually an instrument for political game between China government and the American Tobacco Factory.