对母婴同室护士配方奶风险认知的调查与分析

Investigation and analysis of cognition to the risks of formula feeding of the nurses work in maternal-infant wards

目的 调查母婴同室护士对配方奶风险知识的认知情况,为制定针对性的培训计划提供依据,为提高4～6个月纯母乳喂养率提供参考.方法 采用自行设计的问卷对某三甲专科医院母要同室95名护士进行配方奶风险知识认知情况的问卷调查.问卷包括一般资料、关于配方奶对于婴儿和儿童的风险认知、关于配方奶对于母亲的风险认知3部分内容.原始问卷按照了解程度分为完全了解、基本了解、一般了解、不了解依次赋予3,2,1,0分.调查表的Cronbach＇s α系数为0.843.结果 共发放问卷95份,回收有效问卷95份,有效回收率为100％.母婴同室护士母乳喂养培训率100％,配方奶风险知识培训率52％,在母婴同室护理工作中有65％的护理人员主动向孕产妇讲解配方奶风险知识,有60％的母婴同室护理人员在护理工作中接受过孕产妇咨询配方奶风险知识.是否参加配方奶风险知识培训、是否有职务、不同职称关于配方奶对于婴儿和儿童风险认知得分差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；不同文化程度、母婴同室工作年限关于配方奶对于婴儿和儿童风险认知得分差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.不同学历、职称、母婴同室工作年限关于配方奶对于母亲风险认知得分差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；是否有职务、是否参加配方奶风险知识培训关于配方奶对于母亲风险认知得分差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 母婴同室护士对配方奶风险知识认知程度较低.应制定针对性的培训方案,提高护士对配方奶风险知识认知,通过护士对孕产妇讲解配方奶风险知识,使孕产妇重视不恰当使用用配方奶造成母婴多种风险的存在,从而提高4～6个月纯母乳喂养率.

Objective To investigate how the obstetric nurses understood the risks of formula feeding in the maternal-infant wards so as to make training programs and improve the breast-feeding rate in 4-6 months puerperium.Methods Ninety-five obstetric nurses who worked in the maternal-infant wards of an OB＆GYN hospital were surveyed by questionnaire about the risks of formula feeding.The questionnaire included general information,the knowledge of the risks of formula feeding for infants and children and the knowledge of the risks of formula feeding for mother.The original questionnaires were divided into full understanding,basic understanding,general understanding and no understanding according to the degree of understanding,and which were given in order 3,2,1,0 points.The Cronbach＇s α coefficient of questionnaire was 0.843.Results Ninety-five questionnaires were issued and 95 questionnaires were respomive with an effective response rate of 100％.100％ obstetric nurses had been trained for breast-feeding,and 52％ for the risks of formula feeding.65％nurses forwardly talked to the clients about formula feeding knowledge,and 60％ nurses had been inquired about the risks of formula feeding.The scores of knowledge of the risks of formula feeding for infants and children were statistically different between the groups in which whether or not the nurses took part in training for the risks of formula feeding,whether or not the nurses had duties and the nurses had different professional titles,and the differences were statistically significant （P ＜ 0.05） ; the scores were no statistical differences between the groups in which the nurses had different education levels and work time （P ＞ 0.05）.The scores of knowledge of the risks of formula feeding for mother were no statistical differences between the groups in which the nurses had different education levels,professional titles and work time （P ＞ 0.05） ; the scores were statistically different between the groups in which whether or not the nurses took part in training for the risks of formula feeding,and whether or not the nurses had duties （P ＜ 0.05）.Conclusions The degree of knowledge of the risks of formula feeding is lower in the obstetric nurses who work in the maternal-infant wards.According to their knowledge,we need to make training programs and to teach them the relevant information.So they can educate their clients about the harm of irrelevantly formula feeding that it may imperil the health of infants and mothers,and ultimately improve breast-feeding rate in 4-6 months puerperium.