欧洲恢复性司法概述:以比利时为视角

An Overview of Restorative Justice in Europe:from The Perspective of Belgium

恢复性司法在欧洲的分布版图并不均匀,有些国家,如奥地利、比利时、芬兰等国在恢复性司法的研究和实务方面处于主导地位,但在法国、意大利、西班牙等国的推行并不理想。与大多数欧洲国家一样,比利时的恢复性司法的主要形式是刑事调解。其刑事调解项目启始于20世纪80年代末,从未成年人司法领域开始实践,尔后运用到成年人的轻微刑事案件中,最后推及到整个刑事程序并适用于任何案件。

Restorative justice is unevenly distributed in Europe. The study and practice of restorative justice play a dominant part in some countries such as Austria, Belgium, Finland, etc. But in France, Italy and Spain, it carries out undesirably. Almost the same with most of European countries, the main form of restorative justice in Belgium is penal mediation. The penal mediation scheme, from the end of 1980s, was put into practice in the field of juveniles justice at first and then applied to adults＇ minor criminal cases and popularized among the whole criminal nrocedures annlieahle In anv ea.~e~ at ln.~t.